Explosive gas engine



O. DE'RR.

EXPLOSIVE GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-2. I915.

Patented Aug-1, 1916.

NM l.

' ME vw NN WITNESSES IN l/E N TOR 01; J07

ll TTORNEYS OLIN DEER, OF EAST QRANGE, NEW JERSEY.

EXPLQSIVE-GAS ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 1., 1216.

Application filed August 2, 1915. Serial No. $3.160.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIN Dnnn, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of East Orange, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Explosive-Gas Engines, of whichthe following is a speci-,

fication.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines, and one of the main objects thereof is to provide an engine of this class which will develop relatively greater power than such engines now known to me because of the possibility of higher degrees of compression in my engine at all times during the operationthereof, of the maintenance of such high pressures, and of the sizes and arrangement of the valves to insure great freedom of gas flow, comparative freedom from noise, and less liability of'breakage ot' the valves by being hammered on their seats.

My invention is fully described in the followingspecification, of which the accompanying drawings form a part, in which like characters refer to like parts in each of the views, and in which:

Figure 1 is a central, vertical, longitudinal section taken through an engine constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig.2 is a section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a fragmentary section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

In the drawings forming a part of this application I have shown an engine comprising a crank case 4: for a crank shaft 5 provided withna fly-wheel 6, with a pinion 7 enmeshed with a gear 8 on a shaft 9 carrying the valve cams, only one of which is shown at 10, Fig. 2, and l divide my crank case into .aplurality of distinct compartments corresponding to the number of cylinders as will be later described.

Arranged above the crank case are a plurality of cylinders a, b, c, and cl, which are in direct connection with the respective crank case compartments a 5 c and (Z and have each a port a 5 c, and 03 respectively, in the upper end thereof leading to the exhaust manifold and protected by means of the respective u pet-valves a b, c and (Z held in norma c os'ed positions by means of springs 11 but adapted to be opened by means of rocker arms, one of which is shown at 12 in Fig. 2, operable by means of a rod 13 provided with a roller 14 hearing on the respective cam 1 Slidable in the respective cylinders are pistons a", 6 c and (Z connected with the respective cranks a", b 0 and cit, by means of connecting rods 15 and provided with ports at their upper ends normally closed by means of valves a, 6 c and 0?, held on their seats by means of springs 16, each of said piston valves being adapted to be raised from its seat, against its spring, in a manner to be explained.

The units of my engine are adapted to be used in pairs, the crank case compartments a and 0 being connected by means or" a pipel'? provided with an intake pipe 18 leading from the carbureter 19-, and the crank case compartments wand 05' being connected by meansof a pipe 20 provided with an intake pipe 21 leading from said carbureter, but it will be noted that the said compartments are positively distinct from each other except for the pipes 17 and 20, and are intended to be used as compression chambers, suitable check-valves, not shown, being provided for the intake pipes 18 and 21.

As will be understood, the mixture from the carbureter is drawn into the respective pairs of joined compartments by the corresponding pistons on their upward movement, either for compressing the charge to be exploded or for exhausting the exploded charge, inasmuch as the piston valves do not open in the upward piston movements, nor. in the downward piston movements due to the ignition of p a charge because of the greater pressure thereover than thereunder.

in the arrangement of the pistons and valves shown in Fig. 1, the piston is in lowermost positionafter having been forced downwardly by the ignition of the charge in the cylinder a, ready to begin its upward exhaust stroke, and the puppet-valve a has just been opened by the respective cam 10 to permit such exhaust. The piston c is also in lowermost position after having been drawn downwardly by the crank shaft to suck in a new charge after exhausting, ready to begin its upward compression stroke, neither the puppet-valve c nor piston-valve c" being open at this time- The piston b is in uppermost position after an exhaust stroke through the medium of the crank shaft; ready to begin its downward intake stroke, the piston-valve 6 opening on the beginning of this stroke because of the pressure of mixture thereunder the compartments 6 and 03 and the vacuum .created thereover in the downward piston movement. The piston 01 is in uppermost position after its upward compression stroke, ready for the explosion stroke and, when the explosion forces this piston downwardly, said piston d forces the mixture previously sucked into the compartments b and d? past the piston-valve b in the descending piston b and partiallycom-.

presses the mixture in the cylinder 6 and in Upon the subsequent upward'strokes of the pistons b and d, the former compresses the chargeof mixturethereov'er and the latter exhausts the exploded gases thereover, the puppet-valve" I d having been opened at this time by its respective cam 10, and the piston b? is then ready for its explosion stroke and the piston d for its intake stroke. As the piston'd order of firing, with the arrangement shown,

being in thecylinders d, 0, b, and a, sue cessively.

My inventionconsists in utilizing, in a 4- cycle engine, the method of compression used in a 2-cycle engine, butwith the distinction that I retain the pressure attained in the pressurecompartments in the passage of the gas into a cylinder on the intake stroke of its piston, whereas, in the 2-cycle engine, this pressure isreduced'because' of v.the vacuum caused by the piston-vdisplacement on its intake stroke, and is lost power. Inasmuch. as I compress thegas in a cylinder previous to the compression stroke of its piston, higher pressure results than would otherwise be obtainable, and thus more power is obtained for a motor of given dimensions or a smaller motor may be provided for the same power and thus save on fuel, lubricant, weight, initial cost, wear, etc.

Whencompared with the L-head and T- head types ofengines, my engine does away with the-offset valve pockets and reduces the size of the compression space. When compared with the valvc-in-head type, my compression space is possibly no smaller, but I amenabled to use much larger valves, in fact twice the size of those in the 5 valvein-head? type, thus providing correspondingly increased space for the passage of the gases, both incoming and exhaust, 1n valves of the same lift, or the valve needs only onehalf the lift to obtain the same passage space as in the valve-in-head type. This means a much quieter valve and one less liable to break from hard hammering on its seat, increased freedom of passage of the gases, and thus a fuller charge, which means higher compression and more power.

While I have shown a convenient arrangement of supplemental compression compartments in the crank case, I do not limit myself thereto, as these may be in any desired position, nor do I limit myself to the number of cylinders in the engine, nor to the ex act construction and. location of the valves,

as long as the broad result of obtaining compression of gas in a cylinder on the intake stroke of its piston is attained, but the details of construction shown and described constitute a practical embodiment of myinvention and in line with the conventional form of engines of this type employed in I automobiles.

Having fully described my invention,

In testimony whereof I have signed my' name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' OLIN DERR.

Witnesses:

DAVID A. MGBRIDE, HARRY H. PICKING.

cylinders arranged in j what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is 

